Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Metapopulation ecology ilkka hanski oxford series in ecology and evolution. Ecology, genetics and evolution of metapopulations 1st edition. Metapopulations are conceived as spatially structured populations consisting of distinct units subpopulations, separated by space or barriers, and connected by dispersal movements.
The metapopulation biology and evolutionary ecology of these bacterial systems, in these synthetic ecosystems, can be addressed using experimental biophysics. Dynamics of metapopulation conditions for definition. Metapopulation and its applications in conservation biology songklanakarin j. Metapopulations characteristically demonstrate a turnover of local populations going extinct and becoming reestablished, resulting in a distribution pattern that shifts over time. Metapopulation ecology uc berkeley college of natural resources. Metapopulation ecology has gained significance as we confront landscapes that are increasingly fragmented. Accessible to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, metapopulation ecology will be a valuable resource for researchers in population biology, conservation biology, and landscape ecology. Ilkka hanski metapopulation is the ecological term for assemblages of plant and animal species within larger areas of space, with longterm survival of the species depending on a shifting balance between local. Conservation biology, habitat fragmentation, and metapopulations. The important contribution of metapopulation theory, or of studying the regional dynamics of a population, is that it makes possible prediction of the total population size of a species within a landscape or large region. Box 65, fin00014 university of helsinki, finland email. Metapopulation models have been used to explain lifehistory evolution, such as the ecological stability of amphibian metamorphosis in small vernal ponds. Much of spatial ecology since the late 1960s has been dominated by two theories, the dynamic theory of island biogeography and the classical metapopulation theory. It is intended to demystify ecological models and the mathematics behind them by deriving the models from first principles.
Ecology, genetics and evolution of metapopulations is acollection of specially commissioned articles that looks at fragmented habitats, bringing together recent theoretical advances and empirical studies applying the metapopulation approach. Models in landscape ecology use detailed descriptions of landscape structure, but often without considering colonization and extinction dynamics. Written by a world renowned biologist, this volume offers a comprehensive synthesis of current research in this rapidly expanding area of population biology. Several chapters closely integrate ecology with genetics and evolutionary biology, and others illustrate. Metapopulation and its applications in conservation biology. Mar 11, 2004 ecology, genetics and evolution of metapopulations is acollection of specially commissioned articles that looks at fragmented habitats, bringing together recent theoretical advances and empirical studies applying the metapopulation approach. Spatially realistic theory of metapopulation ecology. Metapopulation ecology ilkka hanski oxford university. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine.
The above equations model coupling in two different ways. It is only recently that ecologists have fully realized that a relatively simple general theory can be readily constructed that. Form concepts and observations to predictive models. Introducing stagespecific spatial distribution into the. Metapopulation is a population in which individuals are spatially distributed in a habitat in two or more subpopulations. Human activities and natural disasters are the main causes of metapopulation and increase the population that occurs as metapopulatons. Apr, 2000 the metapopulation capacity should find many applications in metapopulation ecology, landscape ecology and conservation biology. Populations of butterflies and coralreef fishes are good examples of metapopulation. But ecology isnt just the study of species diversity, and species diversity is affected by more than just two variables. Journal of animal ecology 1994 63, 151162 introduction the most obvious question a metapopulation biologist may expect to be asked is whether some species x is likely to persist, as a metapopulation, in some particular set of habitat. Metapopulation models describe how the spatial distribution of patches affects colonization and extinction, but often do not account for the heterogeneity in the landscape between patches.
The metapopulation capacity of a fragmented landscape nature. Increasing connectivity between metapopulation ecology and. It presents the incidence function model and includes several detailed examples of its application. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. For a given species, each metapopulation is continually being modified by increases births and immigrations and decreases deaths and emigrations of individuals, as well as by the emergence and dissolution of. A metapopulation is a population of populations distributed in discrete habitat patches that are linked by occasional dispersal. Empirical data modelling shows that molecular variation at a candidate gene within populations has consequences for metapopulation size and persistence. A primer of ecology, fourth edition, presents a concise but detailed exposition of the most common mathematical models in population and community ecology. Dispersal, metapopulations, and island biogeography. A metapopulation is a group of populations that are separated by space but consist of the same species. Aug 31, 2009 we use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. We stress that this definition of a metapopulation is not arbitrary and arises from the assumptions and predictions of metapopulation models over an ecologically realistic time frame.
In this regard we believe that it is equally as important to state that a population is not a metapopulation, as to state that a population is a metapopulation. The latter theory largely replaced the former one in the 1980s, especially in conservation applications. For a given species, each metapopulation is continually being modified by increases births and immigrations and decreases deaths and emigrations of individuals, as well as by the emergence and dissolution of local populations contained within it. Metapopulation in the metapopulation concept, the distribution of a species defined by the dashed line is composed of a group of sub or local populations red circles that are linked by dispersal movement of individuals represented by arrows. Metapopulation ecology is used in conservation biology and in population genetics where it influences genetic structure, the rate and trajectory of evolution and even what traits are under selection. Metapopulation, in ecology, a regional group of connected populations of a species. Metapopulation ecology has grown considerably since levins landmark papers, and modern metapopulation research often considers more than simply local presence or absence of organisms. In the classic view, metapopulations were considered collections.
These spatially separated populations interact as individual members move from one. This volume gives an excellent survey of the field with a careful account of both strengths and weaknesses of the approach. Metapopulation ecology ilkka hanski oxford university press. Even without local extinctions, metapopulation structure has implications for abundance of local populations, as well as those populations age, size, and.
Metapopulation ecology concerns organisms that are dependent upon discrete patches of suitable habitat. Metapopulationdynamics ecology and evolutionary biology. The kind of metapopulation approach depicted in fig. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. From metapopulation dynamics to community structure. When the chance of extinction is completely independent in each local population, the probability of metapopulation extinction rapidly declines with increasing number of local populations. Metapopulation ecology ilkka hanski, professor in the. All things, by a law divine, in one anothers being mingle.
Metapopulation dynamics and landscape ecology sciencedirect. If extinction probabilities are correlated, however, metapopulations with even large numbers of local populations may be susceptible to extinction. Specifically, metapopulation models are often used to model spatial dynamics within local populations. Rather than track individual organisms through time, a metapopulation approach tracks the occupancy of habitat patches through time. Percy bysshe shelley 17921822, loves philosophy introduction wherever wildlife management concerns the. Introduction the fusion of metapopulation studies and landscape ecology should make for an exciting scientific synthesis hanski and gilpin, 1991 the synthesis of metapopulation studies and landscape ecology anticipated by hanski and gilpin has barely yet begun.
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